Proteseja

Proteseja is a term used to denote a prosthetic device that substitutes for a missing body part or function. It includes devices worn externally, such as artificial limbs, as well as internal implants that replace or support biological structures.

The term proteseja appears in some languages as an alternate spelling for prosthesis or proteza, reflecting transliteration and historical spelling variations. In most languages, related terms derive from the Greek prosthesis via Latin and local adaptations, while proteseja represents a variant spelling found in certain linguistic contexts.

Types of proteseja include external prostheses that cover limbs (arm, hand, leg, foot), facial prostheses (eye, ear), and dental implants, as well as internal prostheses such as joint replacements, cochlear implants, and ocular implants. The choice of prosthesis depends on the level of amputation or loss, functional goals, and aesthetic considerations.

Technology and design of proteseja combine biomechanics, materials science, and sometimes electronics. Modern devices use lightweight composites, titanium, and medical-grade polymers; components typically include sockets, pylons, and joints tailored to the user. Control methods range from body-powered and myoelectric systems to emerging neural interfaces. Advances in osseointegration offer direct fixation to bone, while efforts to restore sensory feedback aim to provide a sense of touch.

History and impact: prosthetic devices have ancient origins and evolved through metalwork and engineering. The modern era introduced modular and powered devices, expanding functional potential. Access, affordability, and rehabilitation services influence outcomes, and ongoing research continues to balance functionality, comfort, and cost.

See also: proteza, prosthesis, prosthetic limb, osseointegration, myoelectric control.