Proteinkontroll

Proteinkontroll is a term used in nutrition to describe the systematic management of protein intake to meet metabolic requirements while limiting potential negative effects of excess protein on certain organs or conditions. It is most commonly applied in clinical nutrition as part of medical nutrition therapy, but it also informs dietary guidance for the general population, aging individuals, and athletes.

In clinical settings, proteinkontroll aims to balance nitrogen balance, preserve lean body mass, and reduce the accumulation of nitrogenous waste in conditions such as chronic kidney disease, where a restricted protein intake may be recommended. Non-dialysis CKD patients are often advised to consume about 0.6 to 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day, while patients on dialysis typically require higher intakes, around 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/day, under professional supervision. In liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy, protein is adjusted to prevent ammonia buildup while avoiding malnutrition. In metabolic disorders, such as phenylketonuria, proteinkontroll focuses on restricting specific amino acids rather than total protein, illustrating a targeted approach.

Assessment of proteinkontroll relies on dietary assessment tools, body composition measurements, and, in some settings, nitrogen balance obtained from urinary urea nitrogen excretion. Planning emphasizes protein quality, distribution of protein intake across meals, energy sufficiency, and individualized goals. Potential risks include malnutrition and muscle loss if protein is too restricted or poorly managed. The approach requires ongoing monitoring and adjustment by healthcare professionals.