Problemfokusert

Problemfokusert, or problem-focused, is a term used in psychology to describe a coping style that aims to directly address the source of stress rather than only managing emotions. In Norwegian literature, problemfokusert coping refers to actions taken to alter the problem, reduce its impact, or prevent its recurrence.

In theoretical models of coping, such as the transactional model by Lazarus and Folkman, problem-focused coping contrasts with emotion-focused coping. Problemfokusert strategies include information seeking, planning, problem solving, time management, and seeking instrumental help. These approaches are typically employed when the stressor is perceived as controllable or solvable, and they intend to remove or lessen the stressor itself.

Effectiveness of problemfokusert coping depends on the context. It tends to be advantageous for controllable or changeable problems, where practical steps can reduce distress. It may be less effective or even inappropriate for uncontrollable or highly uncertain stressors, where adapting emotionally or reframing the situation could be more adaptive. The approach is commonly assessed in research using instruments like the COPE inventory or the Brief COPE, which categorize coping responses, including problem-focused items.

Critiques note that problemfokusert coping is not universally beneficial. Overemphasis on control can lead to frustration or burnout when efforts do not yield results, and focusing solely on problems may neglect emotional processing or social support. Cultural factors and individual differences also shape how and when problemfokusert strategies are used.