Problematicization

Problematicization refers to the process through which an issue, behavior, or phenomenon comes to be defined and understood as a "problem." This process involves identifying certain characteristics or consequences as undesirable and worthy of attention, intervention, or reform. It is not necessarily about whether an issue is objectively bad, but rather how it is socially and culturally constructed as problematic.

The act of problematicization often involves framing, discourse, and the application of certain knowledge systems or norms. For instance, a behavior that was once considered normal might become problematic due to changing social values, scientific understanding, or political agendas. This can lead to the development of policies, laws, and social movements aimed at addressing the newly identified problem.

Critically, problematicization can be selective and serve particular interests. What is defined as a problem by one group might not be seen as such by another. The way a problem is framed can significantly influence how it is understood and what solutions are considered viable. This process can sometimes lead to the stigmatization of individuals or groups, or it can be a catalyst for positive social change by highlighting injustices or harms. Understanding problematicization is key to analyzing social issues and the forces that shape public perception and policy.