Pleuritsmärta

Pleuritsmärta, often referred to as pleurisy or pleuritis, is a type of chest pain that arises from inflammation of the pleura. The pleura are two thin membranes, one lining the chest cavity and the other covering the lungs. Between these two layers is a thin space containing a small amount of pleural fluid that allows the lungs to move smoothly during breathing. When the pleura become inflamed, the two layers can rub against each other, causing sharp, stabbing pain, particularly when breathing deeply, coughing, or sneezing.

The pain associated with pleuritsmärta is typically localized to one side of the chest and may radiate to the shoulder or abdomen. The intensity of the pain can vary from mild to severe and is often exacerbated by movement. Other symptoms that may accompany pleuritsmärta include shortness of breath, fever, chills, and a dry cough.

Pleuritsmärta is not a disease in itself but rather a symptom of an underlying condition. Common causes include infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, or tuberculosis. Viral infections are a frequent culprit. Other causes can include pulmonary embolism (a blood clot in the lung), autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, and less commonly, tumors affecting the pleura.

Diagnosis of pleuritsmärta involves a physical examination, listening to the lungs with a stethoscope for a pleural friction rub, and imaging tests such as chest X-rays or CT scans. Blood tests may also be performed to identify the underlying cause. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause of the inflammation. For example, antibiotics are used for bacterial infections, while pain relief medications can help manage the discomfort.