Plazmaszelés

Plazmaszelés, also known as plasma cutting, is a thermal cutting process that uses an electric arc to generate a plasma jet. This jet, composed of ionized gas, is directed at the workpiece, melting and severing the material. The process typically involves a direct current electric arc struck between an electrode and the workpiece. A high-velocity jet of inert gas, such as argon or nitrogen, or a mixture of gases, is blown through the arc. This gas is heated by the arc, becoming ionized and forming a plasma. The extreme temperature of the plasma melts the metal, and the high velocity of the gas blows the molten material away from the cut, creating a clean kerf.

The effectiveness of plazmaszelés depends on several factors, including the type of gas used, the amperage of the electric arc, the voltage, and the speed of the cut. Different gases are suited for cutting different metals. For instance, compressed air is commonly used for cutting mild steel, while argon-oxygen mixtures are often employed for stainless steel and aluminum. Plazmaszelés is capable of cutting a wide range of conductive materials, including various metals and alloys, with thicknesses varying from thin sheets to several inches. The process is known for its speed, precision, and ability to produce relatively clean edges with minimal dross. Its applications are widespread in industries such as manufacturing, construction, shipbuilding, and automotive repair, where it is used for cutting plate metal, shaping components, and performing demolition work.