Plakkibakteerier

Plakkibakteerier, often referred to as plaque bacteria, are a type of bacteria commonly found in the mouth. These microorganisms form a sticky, colorless film called dental plaque on the surface of teeth. Plaque is a complex biofilm, meaning it is a community of bacteria embedded in a matrix of polysaccharides they produce.

The primary bacteria associated with dental plaque include species of Streptococcus mutans and various species of Lactobacillus. These bacteria feed on sugars and starches that are consumed by humans. As they metabolize these carbohydrates, they produce acids as a byproduct. These acids can demineralize tooth enamel, the hard outer layer of the teeth, leading to tooth decay or cavities.

In addition to causing cavities, the accumulation of plaque can also contribute to gum disease. If plaque is not removed regularly through brushing and flossing, it can harden into calculus, also known as tartar. Calculus irritates the gums, leading to gingivitis, which is characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can damage the bone supporting the teeth.

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial for controlling the growth of plakkibakteerier. Regular brushing twice a day and flossing once a day effectively removes plaque from tooth surfaces and along the gumline. Professional dental cleanings also play a vital role in removing hardened plaque and preventing oral health issues. Limiting the consumption of sugary and starchy foods and drinks can also help reduce the food source for these bacteria.