Pirithous

Pirithous, in Greek mythology, is the legendary king of the Lapiths in Thessaly. He is usually described as the son of Ixion and the husband of Hippodamia, daughter of Oenomaus. As a central figure among Thessalian mythic kings, Pirithous is best known for two notable adventures: his close friendship with Theseus and the disastrous venture into the Underworld.

The most famous episode from Pirithous’ life is the wedding of his union with Hippodamia, during which the centaurs, invited guests, became drunk and attempted to abduct the brides and other women. The Lapiths, led by Pirithous and Theseus, repelled the centaurs in a legendary conflict known as the Centauromachy, a common subject in ancient art and myth.

In another tale, Pirithous and Theseus set out to kidnap Persephone from the Underworld. They were thwarted by Hades, and Pirithous was punished by being seated on a chair of forgetfulness, remaining trapped in the Underworld for a time. Heracles later freed Theseus, but Pirithous is typically said to have remained imprisoned.

Pirithous’ exploits appear in various ancient sources and later artworks, notably in scenes of the Centauromachy. The character is often read as a symbol of the Lapiths and of bold, aspirational friendship, illustrating the limits of mortal daring within Greek myth.