Phlebologists

Phlebology is a medical specialty focused on disorders of the venous system, particularly in the legs. A phlebologist is a physician who diagnoses and treats venous diseases such as chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, spider veins, venous ulcers, and post-thrombotic syndrome. Practitioners come from several clinical backgrounds, including vascular surgery, interventional radiology, dermatology, and internal medicine, with country-specific training pathways and certification.

Diagnostic assessment centers on venous duplex ultrasonography to evaluate valve function and reflux, complemented by clinical staging and, when indicated, other imaging. Treatment emphasizes both symptom relief and vein health. Conservative management includes compression therapy and lifestyle modification. Minimally invasive procedures commonly performed in phlebology settings include sclerotherapy, endovenous laser or radiofrequency ablation, and ambulatory microphlebectomy. More extensive surgeries may be used in selected cases.

Goals of care are to improve symptoms and quality of life, reduce edema and ulcer risk, and achieve durable closure or removal of diseased veins when appropriate. Phlebologists work in outpatient clinics, hospital-based centers, or multidisciplinary vascular units and frequently collaborate with vascular surgeons, dermatologists, and radiologists. The field also emphasizes patient education, prevention of recurrence, and standardized follow-up to monitor treatment outcomes.