Perkután

Perkután (from Latin per- "through" + cutis "skin") is an adjective used in medicine to describe procedures or access routes that are performed through the skin without a large surgical incision. The term corresponds to the English "percutaneous" and is commonly applied to interventions that use needles, catheters or small sheaths to reach internal organs, vessels or spaces.

Common perkután procedures include biopsies, drainage of abscesses, placement of feeding tubes (perkután endosztómiás gastrostomia), nephrolithotomy, vertebroplasty, and many vascular interventions such as perkután koronária intervenció. These procedures are frequently performed by interventional radiologists, cardiologists or surgeons using local anesthesia and conscious sedation when appropriate.

Perkután techniques typically rely on imaging guidance—ultrasound, fluoroscopy, computed tomography or endoscopy—to plan the access route and monitor device placement. The minimally invasive approach aims to reduce tissue trauma, shorten hospital stays and speed recovery compared with open surgery.

Risks associated with perkután procedures include bleeding, infection, injury to adjacent structures, device misplacement and the possibility of inadequate treatment requiring conversion to open surgery. Patient selection considers coagulation status, anatomic factors and comorbidities. Advances in imaging, catheter technology and sterile technique have expanded the range and safety of perkután interventions, making them integral to contemporary minimally invasive care.