Perekatan

Perekatan is the process of joining two or more materials by adhesion. It encompasses the use of adhesives, surface interactions, and sometimes mechanical fastening to create a continuous bond. The strength and durability of a perekatan bond depend on the adhesive, the substrates, and the curing conditions.

Adhesion occurs through chemical bonding between substrate and adhesive, mechanical interlocking of the adhesive with surface irregularities, diffusion or entanglement of polymer chains, and van der Waals forces. The adhesive’s cohesive strength and the interfacial bond govern performance. Adhesives can be natural (such as starch or animal glue) or synthetic (such as epoxies, polyurethanes, acrylics, cyanoacrylates, hot-melt adhesives, UV-curables, or silicones).

Substrates vary widely, including wood, metal, plastics, glass, ceramics, composites, textiles, and paper. Achieving a strong perekatan requires proper surface preparation: cleaning to remove oils and particulates, degreasing, drying, roughening or priming, and sometimes specialized treatments (plasma, corona) to increase surface energy, especially for plastics.

Curing and setting depend on the adhesive and application. Options include room-temperature setting, heat curing, moisture curing, UV or visible-light curing, and pressure clamping to ensure intimate contact during cure.

Applications span packaging, woodworking, electronics, automotive, construction, and textiles. Common tests measure lap shear, peel strength, and tensile strength to assess bond performance and durability under service conditions.

Safety and environmental considerations include choosing low-toxicity formulations, controlling volatile organic compounds, and proper disposal of waste. Perekatan remains a fundamental bonding method in manufacturing and everyday products.