Peneseno

Peneseno is a traditional Filipino herbal remedy derived from the leaves of the *Piper retrofractum* plant, commonly known as *pangandilan* or *pangandilan de bato*. This plant is native to the Philippines and has been used for centuries in indigenous medicine, particularly in the Visayas region. The leaves are dried, ground into a powder, and often consumed as a tea or mixed with other ingredients to address various health concerns.

The primary use of peneseno is for its purported benefits in promoting kidney health and aiding in the treatment of kidney stones. It is believed to have diuretic properties, encouraging urine production and helping to flush out toxins from the urinary system. Additionally, it may support the breakdown of kidney stones, though scientific evidence to substantiate these claims is limited. Some traditional practitioners also use it to relieve urinary tract infections, reduce inflammation, and support overall kidney function.

Peneseno is typically prepared by boiling the dried leaves in water to create a tea, which is then strained and consumed. It can also be taken in capsule or powder form, though preparation methods may vary depending on regional practices. While generally considered safe when used as directed, excessive consumption may lead to side effects such as digestive discomfort or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. As with any herbal remedy, consultation with a healthcare professional is advisable, especially for those with pre-existing medical conditions or those taking medications.

Modern research on peneseno remains limited, and its efficacy is largely based on anecdotal evidence and traditional use. Further scientific studies are needed to fully validate its health benefits and potential risks. In the Philippines, peneseno continues to be a popular folk remedy, often recommended alongside conventional treatments for kidney-related issues.