Pedikóst

Pedikóst, also known as head lice, is a common parasitic infestation caused by the insect *Pediculus humanus capitis*. These small, wingless parasites feed exclusively on human blood and are typically found on the scalp, neck, and behind the ears. While pedikóst is not known to transmit serious diseases, it can cause significant discomfort and distress due to itching, irritation, and psychological effects.

The life cycle of pedikóst includes three stages: nit (egg), nymph, and adult. Nits are laid by female lice near the hair follicles and hatch within about 7–10 days. Nymphs resemble adults but are smaller and undergo several molts before reaching maturity in approximately 9–12 days. Adult lice live for about 30 days on the host, during which they can lay up to 10 eggs per day. Without a human host, lice survive only a few days, while nits remain viable for up to two weeks.

Transmission of pedikóst primarily occurs through direct head-to-head contact, though sharing clothing, hats, or combs may also contribute. The condition is highly prevalent among children, particularly in schools and daycare settings, but it can affect individuals of any age. Diagnosis is typically made through visual inspection of the scalp, hair, and hairline for live lice or nits.

Treatment for pedikóst involves mechanical removal, such as wet combing with a fine-tooth nit comb, combined with over-the-counter or prescription insecticides. Resistance to certain treatments has led to the development of alternative methods, including natural remedies like tea tree oil or dimeticone-based products. Prevention focuses on avoiding head-to-head contact, regular hair inspections, and avoiding the sharing of personal items.

While pedikóst is not considered a serious medical condition, it can lead to secondary skin infections if the scalp is scratched excessively. Public health guidelines emphasize non-stigmatizing approaches to management, as infestations are non-discriminatory and do not reflect poor hygiene.