Paraná

Paraná is a toponym used for several geographical entities in South America. The most commonly referenced are a state in southern Brazil, a major river that runs through parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, and a city in Argentina. Each has distinct features and roles in regional geography and history.

Paraná (Brazil) refers to one of Brazil’s 26 states. It is located in the southern part of the country, with Curitiba as its capital. The state has a diverse economy that includes agriculture (notably soy, corn, and cattle), manufacturing, and services. It is home to important ports on the Atlantic Ocean, including Paranaguá, which handles a significant share of Brazil’s agricultural exports. The landscape combines Atlantic Forest remnants, highland plateaus, and coastal areas along the state’s eastern border. The Iguaçu Falls, one of the region’s major tourist attractions, lies near the border with Argentina in this area. Major cities besides Curitiba include Londrina, Maringá, and Ponta Grossa.

Paraná River is a major South American waterway that flows through Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. It is formed by the joining of the Paranaíba and Grande rivers in southern Brazil and runs southeastward to the Rio de la Plata estuary between Argentina and Uruguay. The river’s basin supports extensive hydroelectric development, including facilities such as Itaipu Dam, and serves as an important route for regional navigation and commerce.

Paraná (Argentina) is a city that serves as the capital of Entre Ríos Province. Located on the western bank of the Paraná River, opposite the city of Santa Fe, it functions as a regional economic and cultural hub with a port, educational institutions, and historical sites. The city is integrated into the broader riverine and agricultural economy of the province.