Pantheistic

Pantheistic is an adjective relating to pantheism, a position in the philosophy of religion that identifies the divine with the universe or nature. In this view, God is not a separate personal entity who stands apart from creation, but the totality of reality itself, immanently present in all things. Everything is part of the divine, and the divine is expressed through the cosmos and its processes. The term derives from Greek pan ("all") and theos ("god").

Pantheism emerged as a formal label in modern philosophy and is often associated with Baruch Spinoza, whose metaphysical system equates God with nature. The label has also been applied to later Romantic and transcendental writers, and to various religious or spiritual tendencies that emphasize immanence and reverence for nature. Pantheistic ideas appear in a range of traditions, including some strands of Hindu and other Eastern thought, as well as in nature-based, ecological, and spiritual movements.

Pantheism is distinct from panentheism, which holds that the divine pervades the universe but also transcends it. It is also distinguished from classical theism, which posits a personal, transcendent God who is separate from creation; and from atheism, which denies the existence of deities. Across traditions, pantheistic views share an emphasis on the unity and sacredness of all that exists, and on the presence of the divine within the natural world.

Critics question whether pantheism permits a personal deity or how it accounts for moral accountability and the problem of evil. Proponents often frame pantheism as a naturalistic or spiritual interpretation of reality that highlights the interconnectedness of all beings.