PCmuisti

PCmuisti, or computer memory, refers to the primary volatile storage used by a computer to hold data and instructions that the processor can access quickly. It is complemented by non-volatile storage such as hard drives or solid-state drives, which retain data without power. When power is removed, data in PCmuisti is lost.

Most PCmuisti today is based on dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). It is installed in modules called DIMMs for desktop computers and SODIMMs for laptops and compact systems. Memory generations are commonly labeled DDR (double data rate) and numbered as DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5, each delivering higher bandwidth and lower voltage than the previous generation. Memory speed is specified in megatransfers per second (MT/s) and often accompanied by latency numbers (for example, CL timings). ECC (error-correcting code) memory adds error detection and correction and is typical in servers and some workstations, while consumer systems usually use non-ECC memory.

PCmuisti is organized into channels, ranks, and banks, affecting how data is read and written. The motherboard and CPU determine supported types, speeds, and total capacity. A system can use multiple memory modules to enable dual-channel or multi-channel operation, which can improve bandwidth. Capacity and speed influence multitasking, large applications, and overall system responsiveness, with higher speeds benefiting memory-intensive workloads.

Maintenance basics include handling modules with care to avoid electrostatic discharge, ensuring proper seating in sockets, and using compatible modules. In some systems, enabling profiles like XMP (Intel) or DOCP (AMD) can allow the memory to run at its rated speed, provided the motherboard and CPU support these settings.