Overtranslation

Overtranslation refers to a phenomenon in translation where the translator introduces more meaning or information into the translated text than was present in the source text. This can occur for several reasons, often stemming from an effort to ensure clarity or cultural appropriateness for the target audience. A translator might overtranslate to explain cultural references that would be unfamiliar to readers of the target language, or to elaborate on nuances that might be lost in a more literal translation. This can involve adding explanatory footnotes, expanding sentences, or choosing more descriptive vocabulary.

While sometimes a necessary tool for bridging cultural and linguistic gaps, overtranslation can also be problematic. It can lead to an unnatural or overly didactic tone in the translated work, potentially disrupting the flow and aesthetic of the original. Critics argue that it can impose the translator's own interpretations or biases onto the text, moving away from the author's original intent. The line between necessary clarification and unwanted addition is often subjective and depends on the translation context, the target audience, and the specific translation brief. The goal is typically to find a balance that accurately conveys the meaning and spirit of the source text without overburdening the reader with extraneous information.