Okluusio

Okluusio is a term used in dentistry to describe the way the teeth of the upper and lower jaws come together. This contact between the teeth is crucial for proper chewing, speaking, and maintaining the overall health of the oral cavity. Dentists evaluate the occlusion to ensure that the teeth are aligned correctly and that there is no undue stress on any particular tooth or the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Deviations from an ideal occlusion are known as malocclusion. Malocclusions can manifest in various ways, such as overbite, underbite, crossbite, or open bite. These conditions can lead to problems like difficulty chewing, increased wear on teeth, jaw pain, and speech impediments.

The assessment of occlusion involves observing the relationship between the upper and lower teeth when the mouth is closed and when the jaw is moving. Factors considered include the symmetry of the dental arches, the alignment of individual teeth, and the vertical and horizontal relationships between the jaws.

Treatment for malocclusion often involves orthodontic interventions, such as braces or clear aligners, to move teeth into their correct positions. In some cases, restorative dental work or even surgical procedures may be necessary to correct severe occlusal problems. Maintaining a healthy occlusion is a fundamental aspect of comprehensive dental care.