Dentists

Dentists are licensed health professionals who specialize in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the teeth, gums, mouth, and related structures. They assess oral health, develop treatment plans, perform procedures, and advise patients on hygiene and prevention. Dentists often work with dental hygienists, dental assistants, and other health-care professionals to provide comprehensive care.

Education and training: Most countries require completion of a bachelor’s degree and then a Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS) or Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) degree from an accredited dental school. After graduation, dentists must pass licensure examinations to practice. Some dentists pursue advanced specialty training after dental school in fields such as orthodontics, endodontics, periodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, or pediatric dentistry. Certification and continuing education are common requirements to maintain licensure.

Practice scope and procedures: General dentists perform routine preventive care (examinations, cleanings, X-rays), restorative procedures (fillings, crowns, bridges), and minor surgical procedures (extractions). They may treat root canal infections, place implants, construct dentures or veneers, and manage jaw disorders. Diagnostic tools include dental radiographs and digital imaging. Infection control and patient safety are standard practices. Access to care, cost, and insurance coverage affect how many people receive services, and some health systems integrate dental care with broader medical programs.