Objektno

Objektno is a term used in several South Slavic languages to describe the object-oriented approach in computing. In everyday usage it can also function as an adverb meaning objectively, but in technical writing the word is typically paired with programiranje to denote object-oriented programming (OOP). The root objekt means object, and the suffix -no forms an adjective or adverb.

In programming, objektno programming emphasizes software designed around objects that encapsulate data and behavior. Core concepts include objects and classes, methods and attributes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. Programs are built by defining classes that instantiate objects and by using messages or method calls to interact with them.

Object-oriented programming emerged in the 1960s and 1970s with languages such as Simula and Smalltalk and gained widespread use in the 1990s with Java, C++, C#, Python, and Ruby. In Balkan languages, objektno programiranje is the standard term for OOP, and objektno is commonly used to describe object-oriented features in languages and libraries.

Object-oriented design emphasizes modularity and reuse and supports design patterns. It contrasts with procedural and sometimes with functional paradigms, though many modern languages blend OO with other paradigms. Some languages support features such as multiple inheritance, duck typing, or prototype-based models, depending on the language.

See also: Object-oriented programming, Class, Object, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation.