Nominál

Nominál is a term used in Czech and Slovak finance and economics to denote the nominal or face value of a monetary instrument. It refers to the amount printed on the instrument or defined by its issuer, and it is not adjusted for inflation or current market conditions. The nominál value serves as a baseline for calculations such as interest payments, maturity returns, or capital measurement, depending on the context.

In bonds and other debt instruments, the nominálna hodnota (nominal value) is the amount that is repaid at maturity and is often the basis for coupon payments, which are typically stated as a percentage of the nominal value. In currency, the nominálna hodnota corresponds to the denomination of a banknote or coin. In equities, the nominálna hodnota (par value) is the legal value of a share used in some jurisdictions to determine registered capital; many modern companies issue shares with no par value.

Nominál is commonly contrasted with market value (trhová hodnota) and real value (reálna hodnota). The nominal value may differ significantly from the market price due to factors such as interest rates, credit risk, or inflation affecting purchasing power.

Etymology traces to Latin nominālis; the concept is used in several Slavic languages with a similar meaning, indicating the official or stated value rather than its current trading or real worth.