Nierenschädigung

Nierenschädigung, also known as kidney damage or renal damage, refers to the impairment of kidney function. Kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood, producing urine, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte balance. Damage to these organs can disrupt these essential functions, leading to a range of health problems.

Causes of Nierenschädigung are diverse. Chronic conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure are leading culprits, as they can damage the small blood vessels within the kidneys over time. Other causes include autoimmune diseases like lupus, certain infections, kidney stones, prolonged use of some medications (particularly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs), and genetic disorders. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur suddenly due to severe dehydration, blood loss, or exposure to toxins.

Symptoms of Nierenschädigung may not be apparent in the early stages. As the damage progresses, individuals might experience fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, changes in urination frequency or appearance (e.g., foamy urine or blood in urine), nausea, loss of appetite, and muscle cramps. In severe cases, complications can include anemia, bone disease, and cardiovascular problems.

Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure kidney function (creatinine and urea levels), urine tests to detect protein or blood, and imaging studies like ultrasounds or CT scans. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause and severity of the damage. This may include managing chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension, dietary changes, medications to lower blood pressure or reduce inflammation, and in advanced stages, dialysis or kidney transplantation. Early detection and intervention are crucial to slow the progression of Nierenschädigung and preserve kidney function.