NgäbeBuglé

The NgäbeBuglé are an indigenous people of Panama and Costa Rica. They are the largest indigenous group in Panama, with a population estimated to be over 200,000. The NgäbeBuglé traditionally inhabit the western regions of Panama, primarily in the Ngäbe-Buglé Comarca, a semi-autonomous territory created for them in 1997. Their traditional territories also extend into neighboring provinces.

The NgäbeBuglé have distinct languages, Ngäbere and Buglere, which are part of the Chibchan language family. While there are some dialectical differences, they are generally mutually intelligible. Culturally, the NgäbeBuglé are known for their intricate beadwork, particularly bracelets and necklaces, and their distinctive woven hats called "sombreros pintados." Their economy has historically been based on subsistence agriculture, raising crops such as corn, beans, and plantains, as well as fishing and hunting. In recent decades, many have also engaged in wage labor and small businesses.

The NgäbeBuglé have a rich history of resistance and cultural preservation. They have faced numerous challenges, including land rights issues, environmental concerns related to resource extraction, and socioeconomic disparities. Despite these challenges, the NgäbeBuglé maintain a strong sense of identity and continue to advocate for their rights and cultural heritage. Their political organization is structured, with leaders who represent their communities and engage with the Panamanian government. The creation of the Comarca was a significant achievement in their ongoing struggle for self-determination and recognition.