Nervenwurzelreizungen

Nervenwurzelreizungen, also known as nerve root irritation, refer to the inflammation, compression, or irritation of the nerve roots emerging from the spinal cord. These nerve roots are responsible for transmitting sensory and motor signals between the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system. When they are affected, individuals may experience pain, numbness, weakness, or sensory disturbances along the affected nerve pathway.

Common causes of nerve root irritation include herniated discs, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, tumors, or trauma. In cases of herniated discs, the protruding disc material compresses the nerve root, leading to inflammation and pain. Spinal stenosis involves narrowing of the spinal canal, which can impinge upon nerve roots. These conditions typically cause symptoms that follow the dermatome and myotome distributions of the affected nerve roots.

Symptoms of nerve root irritation often include radicular pain, which radiates along the nerve pathway, as well as sensory impairments like tingling or numbness. Motor deficits, such as muscle weakness, may also occur, depending on the severity and location of the irritation. The most commonly affected areas are the cervical (neck) and lumbar (lower back) regions of the spine.

Diagnosis typically involves clinical examination, imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nerve conduction tests. Treatment may include conservative measures like physical therapy, pain management with medications, and activity modification. In more severe or persistent cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to relieve compression and resolve symptoms.

Prevention and management focus on maintaining spinal health through exercise, proper ergonomics, and early intervention for spinal conditions.