Neopreno

Neopreno, commonly referred to as neoprene in English, is a family of synthetic rubbers produced by polymerizing the monomer chloroprene to yield poly(chloroprene). Depending on the polymerization method and additives, neoprene can be formulated with a wide range of hardness, elasticity, and resilience.

The material is typically produced by emulsion or suspension polymerization of chloroprene, often with stabilizers and co-monomers to tailor properties. The resulting polymer can be supplied as solid rubber or as foams for various applications, with different grades designed for oil resistance, weathering, or electrical insulation.

Neoprene was developed and commercialized by DuPont in the 1930s, with the name neoprene coined as a trademark. The generic term for the material is polychloroprene. Its early use and subsequent development led to a broad set of grades and formulations suited to diverse environments.

Key properties of neoprene include good chemical stability, ozone and weather resistance, and elasticity over a wide temperature range. It exhibits resistance to oils and many solvents, relatively low water absorption, and useful electrical insulation. The material can be manufactured as solid elastomer or as closed-cell foams, which are particularly valued for cushioning and insulation.

Common applications span consumer and industrial sectors. Wetsuits and other water-sports gear rely on neoprene foams for thermal insulation and flexibility. In industry, neoprene is used for gaskets, seals, hoses, vibration dampers, and coatings, as well as adhesives and protective padding. Specialty grades are employed in aerospace, automotive, and electrical applications.

Environmental and safety considerations include the fact that neoprene is derived from petroleum and chloroprene, with production and disposal presenting typical synthetic-rubber challenges. Proper handling and waste management are important, and some individuals may experience skin irritation from certain neoprene products or processing aids.