Neochauliodes

Neochauliodes is a genus of large aquatic insects belonging to the order Megaloptera and the family Corydalidae. These insects are commonly known as dobsonflies. The genus is distributed primarily in East Asia, with most species found in China and surrounding regions.

Adult Neochauliodes are characterized by their large size, with wingspans that can reach up to 10 centimeters or more. They possess elongated bodies and prominent, membranous wings with intricate venation. Males typically have enlarged, sickle-like mandibles, which are used for defense and courtship. Females have smaller mandibles. Their coloration is generally cryptic, ranging from brown to black, often with darker markings on the wings.

The larval stage of Neochauliodes, known as a hellgrammite, is entirely aquatic. These larvae are robust, segmented, and possess strong mandibles, which they use to prey on other aquatic invertebrates, such as insect larvae, snails, and small crustaceans. They have paired breathing filaments along their abdomen. The larval period is often lengthy, lasting for several years, during which the larva undergoes numerous molts.

When ready to pupate, the larva leaves the water and constructs a chamber in moist soil or under bark. The pupal stage is terrestrial and non-feeding. After emerging from the pupa, the adult Neochauliodes is capable of flight and is primarily nocturnal or crepuscular, feeding on nectar or small insects. The lifespan of the adult is relatively short, focused on reproduction.

Neochauliodes species play a role in aquatic ecosystems as predators in their larval stage and as food sources for other animals in their adult stage. Their presence can also indicate good water quality, as they are sensitive to pollution.