Nataraj

Nataraj is a depiction of the Hindu deity Shiva as the cosmic dancer. This form, known as Shiva Tandava, symbolizes the cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction in the universe. The Nataraj image is rich in symbolism. Shiva is typically shown with four arms. The upper right hand holds a drum, called a damaru, which represents the primal sound of creation, Om. The upper left hand holds a flame, representing destruction, but also enlightenment and transformation. His lower right hand is raised in the abhaya mudra, a gesture of blessing and protection, assuring devotees of their safety. The lower left hand points downwards towards his raised foot, signifying liberation from the cycle of birth and death.

Shiva's right foot often stands upon a dwarf figure, Apasmara Purusha, who represents ignorance and ego. Trampling this figure indicates Shiva's victory over these obstacles. Shiva's hair, usually flowing and adorned with a skull and crescent moon, symbolizes his ascetic nature. The circle of flames surrounding Nataraj represents the cosmos, the eternal cycle of existence, and the relentless passage of time. The dance itself is not merely an artistic expression but a profound cosmic act that sustains the universe. Nataraj is a popular icon in Hinduism, particularly in South India, and is widely revered for its philosophical depth and artistic beauty.