Shivas

Shivas is a term used to refer to Śiva, one of the principal deities in Hinduism. The name Śiva means “the auspicious one,” and in many traditions he is revered as a supreme being who embodies both creation and destruction, renewal and cessation. In Hindu cosmology, he is part of the Trimurti, alongside Brahma the creator and Vishnu the preserver, though many followers view him as the ultimate, independent power behind the universe. The concept of multiple “Shivas” often appears in discussions of his diverse forms and manifestations within various schools and regional traditions.

Iconography and forms associated with Śiva are varied. Common attributes include the third eye, a crescent moon in his hair, and the River Ganges flowing from his locks. He is typically depicted with a trishula (trident), a damaru drum, and a necklace of serpents. Śiva is shown in different contexts, such as the meditating yogi, the cosmic dancer Nataraja, or the archetype Mahadeva. He is frequently paired with his consort Parvati, and their children Ganesha and Kartikeya appear in many depictions. Another well-known form is Ardhanarishvara, a composite of half Śiva and half Parvati, illustrating unity of masculine and feminine principles.

Worship and cultural presence: Śiva is central to Shaivism, a major Hindu tradition, with temples, shrines, and pilgrimage sites dedicated to him. Lingams, stylized representations of Śiva, are common in temples and home altars. Prominent festivals include Maha Shivaratri, which honors Śiva through night vigils, fasting, and offerings. Regional practices and names for Śiva vary, reflecting his wide worship across the Indian subcontinent and among the global Hindu diaspora.