Nasennebenhöhlenreizungen

Nasennebenhöhlenreizungen, also known as sinusitis or rhinosinusitis, refers to inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the paranasal sinuses. These air-filled cavities are located within the bones of the face and skull, surrounding the nasal passages. When these membranes become inflamed, they can swell, obstruct drainage, and lead to a buildup of mucus, creating an environment conducive to infection.

The causes of nasennebenhöhlenreizungen are varied. Viral infections, such as the common cold, are the most frequent culprits, often leading to acute sinusitis that resolves within a few weeks. Bacterial infections can also develop, either as a primary infection or as a secondary complication of a viral illness. Other contributing factors include allergies, which can cause chronic inflammation and swelling of the nasal passages and sinuses, as well as anatomical abnormalities like a deviated septum or nasal polyps that impede proper sinus drainage. Environmental irritants like smoke and pollutants can also trigger or worsen symptoms.

Symptoms of nasennebenhöhlenreizungen typically include facial pain or pressure, particularly around the forehead, cheeks, and eyes. Nasal congestion, a runny nose with thick, discolored mucus, and a reduced sense of smell are also common. Headaches, tooth pain, and a sore throat or cough, especially at night, can occur as well. Diagnosis is usually made based on the patient's medical history and a physical examination. In some cases, imaging studies like a CT scan may be used to assess the sinuses more thoroughly. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, ranging from conservative measures like decongestants, saline nasal rinses, and pain relievers to antibiotics for bacterial infections. Chronic or recurrent sinusitis may require further investigation and specialized treatment.