Nasennebenhöhlenentzündungen

Nasennebenhöhlenentzündungen, also known as sinusitis, are inflammatory conditions affecting the air-filled cavities within the skull that surround the nasal passages. These cavities are called paranasal sinuses. Inflammation can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, allergies, or structural abnormalities of the nose and sinuses. Common symptoms include nasal congestion, thick discolored nasal discharge, facial pain or pressure, reduced sense of smell, and sometimes a cough. The pain is often felt in the forehead, cheeks, or around the eyes, and may worsen when bending over.

Sinusitis can be classified as acute or chronic. Acute sinusitis typically lasts for less than four weeks and is often a complication of a common cold. Chronic sinusitis persists for twelve weeks or longer, despite attempts at treatment, and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. Diagnosis is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. In some cases, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI may be used to assess the extent of the inflammation and identify any underlying issues.

Treatment for sinusitis depends on the cause and severity. For acute viral sinusitis, which is the most common form, treatment often involves symptomatic relief with nasal saline rinses, decongestants, pain relievers, and rest. Antibiotics are typically prescribed for bacterial sinusitis, although their use is sometimes debated, especially in mild cases. Chronic sinusitis may require a combination of medical treatments, including nasal corticosteroids, antibiotics, and sometimes allergy management. In persistent or severe cases, surgical intervention to improve sinus drainage may be considered.