Nanoprinting
Nanoprinting is a class of techniques that create or deposit patterns and structures at the nanometer scale. It encompasses both top-down approaches that sculpt features with high resolution and additive or directed-assembly methods that place nanoscale materials into designed architectures. Feature sizes typically range from tens of nanometers to a few hundred nanometers, with some methods capable of sub-10-nanometer precision.
Common approaches include electron-beam lithography (EBL), which writes patterns directly with a focused electron beam; nanoimprint
Applications span microelectronics, photonics, plasmonics, and metamaterials, as well as biosensing, imaging, and biomedical devices. Nanoprinting
Ongoing developments focus on improving speed, reliability, material diversity, and multi-material nanoscale fabrication, as well as