NanoCT

NanoCT, short for nanoscale computed tomography, is a non-destructive imaging technique that creates three-dimensional representations of a specimen’s internal structure with nanometer- to sub-micrometer-scale resolution. It collects X-ray projections from many angles around the sample and reconstructs a volumetric image that encodes internal density variations. NanoCT data can provide quantitative information about porosity, mineral phases, and microstructural features.

Implementation methods vary. NanoCT is commonly performed with synchrotron radiation or with laboratory nano-focus X-ray sources paired with advanced optics such as Fresnel zone plates or high-numerical-aperture lenses. Some approaches use full-field transmission X-ray microscopy setups or scanning modalities to maximize resolution. The choice of beam, optics, and detectors influences achievable resolution, contrast, and acquisition time.

Resolution and field of view are defining characteristics. Typical nanoCT resolutions range from tens to a few hundred nanometers, but the imaged field of view is relatively small, often micrometers to tens of micrometers. For larger samples, multiple overlapping scans are acquired and stitched to form a larger volume.

Applications span materials science, geology, and biology. NanoCT is used to study pore networks in ceramics and catalysts, internal microstructure in metals and composites, battery electrode architecture, and mineralogical features. In biology, fixed or dried cells and tissues can be examined to reveal subcellular arrangements that are not accessible by conventional microscopy.

Limitations include long acquisition times, substantial data sizes, and potential radiation damage. Artifacts such as ring effects and phase-contrast effects can complicate reconstruction, and access to specialized facilities or instruments is often required.