Nahapõletused

Nahapõletused, often referred to as sunburns, are a common type of skin damage caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, primarily from the sun. When the skin is exposed to excessive UV rays, it triggers an inflammatory response. This response involves the release of chemicals that dilate blood vessels, leading to redness, swelling, and heat. The severity of a nahapõletus can range from mild redness and discomfort to severe blistering and peeling, depending on the duration and intensity of exposure, as well as individual skin type.

Symptoms typically appear a few hours after exposure and can worsen over the next 24 hours. These include redness, pain, warmth to the touch, and sometimes swelling. In more severe cases, blisters may form, and the individual might experience fever, chills, headache, and nausea, indicating a more systemic reaction. Prolonged and repeated nahapõletused significantly increase the risk of long-term skin damage, including premature aging of the skin (wrinkles, age spots) and an elevated risk of developing skin cancers, such as melanoma.

Prevention is key in managing nahapõletused. This involves limiting direct sun exposure, especially during peak hours (typically between 10 am and 4 pm), wearing protective clothing like hats and long-sleeved shirts, and using broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF). Sunscreen should be reapplied regularly, particularly after swimming or sweating. For existing nahapõletused, treatment focuses on alleviating symptoms and promoting healing. This can include applying cool compresses, moisturizing the skin, and using over-the-counter pain relievers. Severe burns with blistering or signs of infection require prompt medical attention.