Nahankäsittely

Nahankäsittely refers to the processes involved in preparing animal hides and skins for various uses, primarily leather production. This multifaceted field encompasses a range of chemical and mechanical treatments aimed at preserving the skin, removing unwanted components, and transforming it into a durable and aesthetically pleasing material.

The initial stages often involve curing the raw hides to prevent decomposition. This can be achieved through salting, drying, or a combination of both. Following curing, the hides undergo soaking to rehydrate them and remove residual salt and dirt. Dehairing is a crucial step where hair is removed, typically using chemical agents like lime. Subsequently, the hides are treated with enzymes or other chemicals to loosen the flesh and fat, a process known as fleshing.

Tanning is the central process that stabilizes the collagen in the skin, preventing putrefaction and imparting flexibility and durability. Common tanning methods include chrome tanning, which uses chromium salts and results in soft, pliable leather, and vegetable tanning, which employs plant-based tannins and produces firmer, more traditional leather. After tanning, the leather is often subjected to further treatments such as dyeing for color, fatliquoring to restore suppleness, and staking or milling to soften and stretch it. Finally, finishing processes like buffing, coating, or embossing can be applied to achieve the desired surface texture and appearance. Nahankäsittely is fundamental to industries ranging from footwear and apparel to upholstery and accessories.