Müllabfuhr

Müllabfuhr, literally trash collection, is the system by which municipalities collect household and commercial waste and recyclables. In German-speaking countries, it is a key element of municipal services and the circular economy. Collections follow published schedules, with separate days for residual waste, organic waste, paper, glass, and packaging in many areas. Local rules, bin colors, and collection routines differ between cities and cantons.

Residents sort waste according to local guidelines and place the appropriate bins at the curb by specified times. Bins or bags are usually provided by the municipality or waste contractor. Improper sorting or late presentation can lead to the non-collection of items.

Common waste streams include Restmüll (residual waste), Bioabfall (organic waste), Wertstoffe or Verpackungen (recyclables), Papier (paper), and Glas (glass). In many places, bulky waste (Sperrmüll) is collected on scheduled days or at designated sites, while hazardous waste (Sonderabfall), batteries, and electrical equipment are handled separately through special collection points or events and recycling centers (Wertstoffhöfe).

Collection is carried out by Müllfahrzeuge (garbage trucks) with different loading configurations such as front-, rear-, or side-loaders, depending on the container system. Route planning seeks efficiency while minimizing disruption to traffic and neighborhoods. Urban areas may offer additional services, including after-hours or night collections.

Waste collection supports the broader aim of reducing landfill use and increasing material recycling as part of the circular economy. National and regional laws and EU directives regulate how waste is sorted, collected, and treated. Municipal information services provide residents with guidelines and calendars for their area.