Murihiku

Murihiku is the Māori name for the southernmost region of New Zealand's South Island. The name literally translates to "the tail of the fish," referring to the South Island's resemblance to a fish in Māori mythology. This region encompasses the areas that are now known as Southland, Fiordland, and the Catlins. Historically, Murihiku was a significant area for Māori, particularly for the Ngāi Tahu iwi (tribe). Evidence of early Māori settlement, including pā sites and archaeological finds, is found throughout the region.

The landscape of Murihiku is characterized by its diverse geography. Fiordland, in the west, is renowned for its dramatic fjords, sheer cliffs, and dense rainforests. Further east, Southland features rolling hills, fertile plains, and a coastline dotted with beaches. The Catlins, in the southeast, is known for its rugged coastlines, ancient forests, and abundant wildlife. The region experiences a temperate maritime climate with significant rainfall, especially in Fiordland.

Economically, Murihiku has traditionally relied on agriculture, particularly sheep farming and dairy. Tourism has become increasingly important, with visitors drawn to the natural beauty of Fiordland National Park, Milford Sound, and Stewart Island/Rakiura, which is often considered part of the broader Murihiku cultural and geographical area. The region's isolation and unique environment contribute to its distinct cultural identity and natural heritage.