Murena

Murena is a genus of moray eels in the family Muraenidae. Species within Murena are marine fishes distributed in warm oceans and seas worldwide, with a strong presence around tropical reefs. They commonly inhabit rocky or coral habitats where crevices and holes provide shelter from predators and a place to hunt.

Murenas have elongated, snake-like bodies and typically lack true pectoral fins. The dorsal fin runs along much of the body and merges with the caudal fin. They usually have small or absent external scales and a thick, smooth skin. A hallmark of murenas, like other morays, is their strong jaws lined with sharp teeth. Many species show distinctive color patterns or bands that help camouflage them within reef crevices. They possess a second set of jaws, the pharyngeal jaws, which aids in pulling prey into the throat.

Ecology and behavior: Murenas are mainly nocturnal and secretive, spending daylight hours hidden in holes and crevices. They are carnivorous, feeding on fishes, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Most species are solitary and can be territorial; they may bite if provoked or handled.

Reproduction and human interactions: Murenas reproduce through external fertilization, with eggs and leptocephalus larvae in the plankton. In humans, murenas are not commonly dangerous, but bites can be painful and require prompt medical attention. They are occasionally kept in large marine aquariums under expert care. Conservation status varies by species and region, often influenced by habitat loss and collection pressures.