Monikosketuksellisten

Monikosketukselliset are a proposed class of immune-mediated neurological conditions characterized by episodes of rapid-onset, transient neurological deficits. The term originates from a Latinized combination of "moni-" (single) and "kosketus" (touch), reflecting the sporadic, punctate nature of the episodes described in early case reports. Clinical presentation typically involves brief motor weakness, sensory disturbances, or visual changes lasting minutes to a few hours, often without detectable lesions on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients report that attacks can be triggered by physical exertion, stress, or minor sensory stimulation, after which normal function is restored without residual deficits.

Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical history, exclusion of structural pathology, and supportive laboratory findings such as elevated anti–neuronal antibodies detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Because neuroimaging is frequently normal, clinicians often use electrodiagnostic studies to rule out peripheral neuropathies or myopathies. Treatment strategies are empirical and based on related conditions; high‑dose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, or plasma exchange are reported to reduce attack frequency in a small number of patients. Long‑term prognosis is generally favorable, with most individuals maintaining functional independence, although recurrence rates vary.

The literature on monikosketukselliset remains sparse, with only a handful of case series published in neurology journals since 2014. The limited data set has led to uncertainty regarding the exact pathophysiological mechanisms, and whether the entity represents a distinct disease or a subset of known disorders such as transient ischemic attacks or demyelinating disorders remains a subject of ongoing research. Continued documentation and systematic investigation are required to clarify classification and to develop evidence‑based management protocols.