Michelsbergs

Michelsbergs refers to a specific archaeological culture of the Late Neolithic period in southwestern Germany, particularly in the Upper Rhine Valley. The culture is named after the Michelsberg hill in Bruchsal, Baden-Württemberg, where significant findings were first made. It flourished between approximately 4400 and 3800 BC.

The Michelsberg culture is characterized by its distinctive pottery, which often features elaborate corded decoration, incised patterns, and sometimes applied bosses. Other typical artifacts include polished stone axes, flint tools, and bone implements. A notable feature of Michelsberg settlements is the construction of fortified enclosures, often located on hilltops or elevated terrain. These enclosures typically consist of a ditch and bank system, sometimes with palisades.

The economy of the Michelsberg people was based on agriculture and animal husbandry. Evidence suggests they cultivated crops such as wheat and barley and raised livestock like cattle, sheep, and pigs. Their burial practices are less well-understood, but evidence points towards inhumation, with individuals often buried in crouched positions.

The Michelsberg culture represents a significant development in the regional prehistory of southwestern Germany, showing advancements in settlement organization, technology, and artistic expression. It is considered a precursor to subsequent cultures in the region.