Metsapõhised

Metsapõhised is the Estonian term for forest-based and is used to describe products, industries, and activities that originate from forests or rely on forest resources. In the context of the bioeconomy, metsapõhised sectors seek to combine economic value with ecological sustainability and rural development.

The term covers a wide range of activities and products, including traditional wood-based industries such as sawn timber, plywood, paper and pulp, and wood construction materials. It also encompasses forest-derived energy such as wood pellets and combined heat and power, as well as biomaterials and bio-based chemicals produced from forest feedstocks. Non-timber forest products such as berries, mushrooms, resins, and medicines, as well as forest-themed tourism and recreational services, are also considered metsapõhised components of the economy.

Sustainability is central to the concept. Metsapõhised sectors generally emphasize sustainable forest management, certified supply chains (for example FSC or PEFC), and life-cycle thinking to minimize environmental impacts. They are often integrated into policy frameworks aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote circular economy, and support rural employment.

Challenges include maintaining forest health and biodiversity, price volatility of timber, competition for land and resources, and ensuring social benefits for local communities. Research and policy focus on improving resource efficiency, expanding value-added forest products, and strengthening resilience to climate change.