Messziele

Messziele, written as Meßziele in German, are geodetic reference points used in surveying to provide fixed targets or markers for measurements. They serve as control points in measurement networks, allowing surveyors to determine coordinates, elevations, and orientations with high precision. The term combines Meß (measurement) and Ziel (target or point).

Traditionally Messziele include physical markers such as concrete pillars, metal discs, or markers embedded in stones, positioned at known coordinates and elevations. They may be arranged as part of triangulation networks, leveling benchmarks, or alignment targets for optical instruments. In triangulation, Messziele provide the fixed endpoints for angle measurements; in leveling, they supply reference heights.

With the advent of satellite positioning and global navigation satellite systems, the role of Messziele has evolved. Modern networks often tie GNSS-derived coordinates to established Messziele or replace them with GNSS benchmarks for convenience, redundancy, and long-term stability. Some well-documented Messziele are protected as historical markers or integral parts of a country’s geodetic heritage.

Although most commonly used in German-speaking regions, the concept of fixed surveying targets exists worldwide under different names. Messziele can be local or national in scope, and they play a continuing role in ensuring the accuracy and compatibility of spatial measurements across time.

See also Geodetic datum, Benchmark (surveying), Triangulation, GNSS, Reference point.