MeoHmong

MeoHmong is a term used to refer to the Hmong people, combining the Lao/Thai exonym Meo with the self-designation Hmong. Usage varies by region and context; many sources and communities prefer simply “Hmong” or “Hmong/Miao” in English-language discourse.

Geographic distribution and population centers: The Hmong are concentrated in the highland regions of southern China, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand, with significant diasporic communities in the United States, France, Australia, Canada, and other countries formed through refugee resettlement after conflicts in Southeast Asia.

Language and culture: The Hmong languages belong to the Hmong-Mien language family and include major dialect groups such as White Hmong (Hmong Daw) and Green/Blue Hmong (Hmong Njua). Writing systems used include the Romanized Popular Alphabet and the Pahawh Hmong script. Culturally, the Hmong are known for textile arts, embroidery, and distinctive clothing. Social life often centers on clan lineages, with subsistence farming forming a historical economic base.

History: The Hmong originated in the mountains of southern China and migrated southward over centuries. In the 20th century, many Hmong in Laos and Vietnam participated in the Laotian Civil War and the CIA’s Secret War, aiding U.S. forces. After the conflicts, a large portion fled as refugees, settling in countries around the world, most notably the United States.

Contemporary issues: MeoHmong/Hmong communities today navigate language preservation, access to education, and integration within national societies while maintaining cultural traditions. Diasporic networks help sustain heritage, support community needs, and facilitate transnational connections.