Daw

A digital audio workstation (DAW) is a software application or hardware device used for recording, editing, arranging, and producing audio files. In practice, most DAWs provide a timeline-based interface where audio tracks and MIDI data are arranged to create a finished product. They support multitrack recording, non-destructive editing, and a range of tools for editing, mixing, and mastering, as well as compatibility with external hardware and software via plug-ins and virtual instruments.

Core features typically include recording and editing of audio and MIDI, a sequencer for arranging musical ideas, virtual instruments, built-in and third-party effects, and a mixer with routing, buses, and automation. DAWs also offer plug-in hosting for formats such as VST, AU, or AAX, along with metering, tempo and time-signature control, and often video synchronization for film work.

Workflows are project-based and non-linear, allowing comping, time-stretching, and non-destructive editing in most cases. Outputs commonly include rendered stereo or multichannel audio formats (WAV, AIFF, MP3, FLAC), stems for collaboration, and sometimes stems or session data for archival or further work. Many DAWs support collaboration and round-tripping with other software and hardware.

Historically, DAWs emerged in the late 1980s and 1990s as replacements for hardware-only systems, with major programs such as Pro Tools, Cubase, and Logic Pro shaping studio practice. Modern DAWs—Ableton Live, FL Studio, Logic Pro, Pro Tools, Cubase, Reaper, and others—serve music production, film scoring, post-production, broadcasting, and podcasting. Some open-source options exist, such as Ardour and LMMS, alongside commercial, subscription, and perpetual licenses.