Melanoomaa

Melanoomaa is the Finnish word for melanoma, a serious type of skin cancer. Melanoma arises from melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. While it can occur anywhere on the skin, it is most common on sun-exposed areas. Early detection is crucial, as melanoma can spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly.

Risk factors for developing melanoma include excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, having many moles, a history of sunburns, a fair complexion, a family history of melanoma, and a weakened immune system. The appearance of melanoma can vary, but common warning signs include changes in an existing mole or the appearance of a new, unusual-looking mole. The ABCDE rule is often used to identify potentially cancerous moles: A for asymmetry, B for irregular border, C for varied color, D for diameter larger than 6 millimeters, and E for evolving or changing appearance.

Diagnosis typically involves a visual examination by a dermatologist, often aided by a dermatoscope. If a suspicious lesion is found, a biopsy is performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the stage of the melanoma. Treatment depends on the stage and location of the melanoma and may include surgical removal of the tumor, and in more advanced cases, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or chemotherapy. Prevention strategies focus on minimizing UV exposure through sun protection, wearing protective clothing, using sunscreen, and avoiding tanning beds. Regular skin self-examinations and professional skin checks are also recommended.