Medroxiprogesterona

Medroxiprogesterona, also known as medroxyprogesterone, is a synthetic progestin used in various gynecological and endocrine treatments. It is a derivative of natural progesterone and acts by binding to progesterone receptors, producing progestational effects that lead to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, changes in the endometrium, and alterations in cervical mucus.

Medical uses

Medroxiprogesterona is commonly used for contraception, available in oral forms and as long-acting injectable preparations for female birth control. It is also employed in hormone replacement therapy, typically in combination with estrogen, to provide progestogenic protection against endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women. Other indications include the management of abnormal uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance and certain gynecological conditions such as endometriosis and endometrial hyperplasia.

Administration and forms

Medroxiprogesterona is supplied as oral tablets and as intramuscular injections, with various dosing regimens depending on the indication. Long-acting injectable forms deliver medication over a period of weeks to months.

Side effects and risks

Common side effects include irregular or breakthrough uterine bleeding, spotting, weight gain, headaches, mood changes, breast tenderness, and nausea. Long-term use can affect bone mineral density. There is an increased risk of venous thromboembolism in some users, and liver disease or other contraindications may limit use. As with all hormone therapies, individual risks and benefits should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Contraindications

Pregnancy is a contraindication, as are undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, known or suspected breast cancer, active liver disease, and a history of thromboembolic events or certain cardiovascular conditions.

See also

Progestins, contraception, hormone replacement therapy, endometrial hyperplasia.