Macro

A macro is a sequence of instructions that can be invoked to perform a complex task with a single command or keystroke. The term comes from the Greek makros, meaning large, and the concept is used in many fields to replace repetitive work with a compact, programmable action.

In computing and software, macros automate routine actions. They can be recorded by a program or written in a macro language. Examples include macros in spreadsheet programs (such as Excel macros using VBA), word processors, and integrated development environments. Some programming languages, such as Lisp or the C preprocessor, support macro expansion that generates code. Macros can speed workflows and reduce errors, but they can also complicate debugging and pose security risks when delivered as part of documents or packages, such as macro viruses.

In photography, macro refers to close-up imaging. A macro lens is designed to achieve high magnification on small subjects, while many cameras offer a macro setting for short focusing distances essential to close-ups.

In biology and related fields, the prefix macro- denotes largeness or a scale above micro, as in macronutrient, macroscopic, or macroevolution.

In economics, macroeconomics studies aggregate economic behavior, examining national output, inflation, unemployment, and policy. It contrasts with microeconomics, which analyzes individual markets and actors.