MGR

MGR commonly refers to Maruthur Gopalan Ramachandran (1917–1987), an Indian actor and politician from Tamil Nadu. He rose to fame in Tamil cinema before entering politics and became one of the most influential figures in the state's post-independence landscape.

Early life and film career: Born in Tamil Nadu, Ramachandran became a leading star in Tamil cinema from the 1940s through the 1960s. His on-screen roles often portrayed strong, virtuous, populist characters, and his popularity helped him cultivate a mass following that he later translated into political support.

Political career: He joined the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and emerged as a key figure under C. N. Annadurai. In 1972, after differences with the DMK leadership, he split and founded the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK). The party’s emblem, two leaves and a bud, became associated with his movement. In 1977, AIADMK won the Tamil Nadu elections, and MGR served as Chief Minister, a post he held through subsequent years until his death in 1987.

Legacy: MGR remains a defining figure in Tamil Nadu’s cinema-political nexus. His populist welfare-oriented approach and emphasis on Tamil identity left a lasting imprint on the state’s political culture. His death triggered a leadership transition within AIADMK, with his political lineage carried forward by successors who continued his influence in Tamil politics.