Luangwa

Luangwa refers to a river and the surrounding region in eastern Zambia, as well as to the administrative and cultural area that shares its name. The Luangwa River is a major tributary of the Zambezi River, draining a substantial portion of the Eastern Province and forming the Luangwa Valley, a broad, relatively secluded basin that runs roughly north–south along the river. The river’s seasonal floods create a productive wetland system that sustains a diverse array of wildlife and supports local communities.

Ecology and conservation are defining features of the Luangwa Valley. The region houses several protected areas, most notably South Luangwa National Park, one of Zambia’s premier wildlife destinations. The valley is known for high densities of elephants, buffalo, hippos, crocodiles, and a wide variety of birds, and it is famous for walking safaris, which allow visitors to observe wildlife on foot with guides. The river and its floodplain function as a crucial wildlife corridor, linking habitats across the landscape and supporting ecological resilience in the region.

Human presence and economy are closely tied to the river and its environs. Towns and settlements line the riverbanks, and tourism—the lodges, safari camps, and guided excursions—plays a central role in the local economy. Communities rely on fishing and farming as well, and conservation programs, including community-based conservancies, aim to balance development with wildlife protection.

Naming and administration: The name Luangwa is widely used in the region, including for the Luangwa River, the Luangwa Valley, and various districts and settlements in the Eastern Province of Zambia.