Liturgii

Liturgii is the Romanian term for liturgies, referring to the structured, public rites and ceremonies that constitute Christian worship carried out within a liturgical framework. The word traces to Latin liturgia, via Greek leitourgia, and encompasses the prescribed actions, texts, and order by which communities worship together.

Liturgii are central to many Christian traditions, yet they vary by rite and denomination. They are distinguished from private prayer by their communal character and the rubrics that govern them, often involving clergy, choir or chant, and lay participation. They typically include elements such as an opening gathering, penitential or introductory rites, scriptural readings, a sermon or homily, the recitation of creeds, intercessions, offerings, and, in Eucharistic forms, the consecration and reception of communion, followed by a blessing and dismissal.

Major forms of liturgii include the Roman Rite Mass in Western Catholicism, the Divine Liturgy in Eastern Orthodox and some Eastern Catholic churches, and various forms of Anglican, Lutheran, and other Protestant services. Each tradition preserves its own vocabulary, symbols, and musical heritage—vestments, incense, chant, and hymns—that express doctrinal identity and local culture.

The liturgical year shapes liturgii through seasons such as Advent, Christmas, Lent, Holy Week, Easter, and Pentecost, often reflected in readings, prayers, colors, and rituals. Liturgical practices have evolved over time, with reforms aimed at greater accessibility and participation. The 20th century, in particular, saw vernacular language use and renewed ecumenical dialogue, influencing how liturgii are celebrated and understood across Christian communities.