Catholicism

Catholicism, also called the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian denomination, tracing its origins to Jesus Christ and the apostles. It is organized worldwide from the Holy See in Vatican City and is led by the Pope, viewed as the successor of Saint Peter. The Catholic Church comprises local dioceses and parishes, including a number of Eastern and Western rites within a single ecclesial communion.

Catholics understand God as one God in three persons—the Holy Trinity—and believe Jesus Christ is the Son of God and savior. Revelation is conveyed through Scripture and Sacred Tradition, and the Church's Magisterium provides authoritative interpretation. Apostolic succession, through bishops ordained in an unbroken line, is a key element of continuity with the early church.

The Catholic tradition recognizes seven sacraments as outward signs of grace: baptism, confirmation, Eucharist, reconciliation (confession), anointing of the sick, holy orders, and matrimony. The Eucharist, or Mass, is central to Catholic worship, which follows a liturgical year that includes seasons such as Advent, Christmas, Lent, and Easter. The Roman Rite is the largest component of the Church, complemented by several Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion.

Clergy and governance include pope, cardinals, bishops, priests, and deacons. In the Latin (Roman) Rite, priestly celibacy is customary, though married men may be ordained in some Eastern rites. The church emphasizes the communion of saints, devotion to Mary and the saints, and a commitment to social justice, care for the poor, and the dignity of every person. Ecumenism and interfaith dialogue are also important aspects of Catholic relations with others.